Which factor is a significant risk associated with absent or reversed end diastolic flow of the umbilical artery in IUGR?

The presence of absent or reversed end diastolic flow in the umbilical artery is a significant indicator of increased risk for perinatal mortality in cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This abnormal flow reflects severe placental insufficiency, which can lead to inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus. Consequently, the fetus may experience significant distress, potentially impacting organ development and overall growth.

The association of absent or reversed end diastolic flow with higher perinatal mortality suggests that healthcare providers must closely monitor these pregnancies. It often prompts intervention, such as delivery, to enhance outcomes for the fetus before significant complications arise.

Other factors like improved fetal heart rate patterns, decreased likelihood of cesarean delivery, and reduced need for fetal monitoring do not correlate with the risks associated with abnormal umbilical artery flow. Instead, these would typically either remain unaffected or may require increased vigilance and intervention, given the potential complications indicated by the abnormal flow patterns.