Which condition presents similarly to PreE/HELLP syndrome and can lead to acute liver failure?

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is a condition that closely resembles the clinical presentation of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, and it is particularly important to differentiate between these conditions due to the potential for serious complications, including acute liver failure.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy typically occurs in the third trimester and is associated with a buildup of fat in liver cells, leading to liver dysfunction. Patients may present with vague symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fatigue, alongside more severe signs like jaundice, elevated liver enzymes, and coagulopathy, which can mimic the features seen in preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome.

The reason this condition can lead to acute liver failure is due to the significant liver cell injury caused by the accumulation of triglycerides within the hepatocytes. If left untreated, this can progress to hepatic failure and, in severe cases, hepatic encephalopathy or death without prompt intervention, such as delivery of the fetus.

Recognizing acute fatty liver of pregnancy as a potential diagnosis when faced with symptoms overlapping with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome is critical for the management of the patient and to ensure both maternal and fetal safety. This condition requires close monitoring and often necessitates urgent delivery to mitigate risks