What treatment is recommended for acute varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in pregnancy?

The recommended treatment for acute varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in pregnancy is supportive care and oral acyclovir. This approach is preferred because it effectively manages the infection while minimizing risks to both the mother and the developing fetus.

Oral acyclovir is an antiviral medication that can decrease the severity and duration of varicella symptoms if started early in the course of the infection. It is particularly important in pregnant women, as varicella can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia or even maternal death, along with risks for the fetus, including congenital varicella syndrome.

Supportive care is also integral to the management, as it addresses symptoms such as fever and skin discomfort. Providing hydration, antipyretics, and itch relief can significantly improve the patient's comfort. This comprehensive approach ensures that the mother remains stable and recovers without the need for more aggressive interventions.

In contrast, immediate hospitalization is not routinely recommended unless the patient shows severe symptoms or complications develop. Intravenous acyclovir may be considered in cases of severe varicella infections or complications, but for uncomplicated cases, oral acyclovir is generally sufficient. Intramuscular antibiotic therapy is not appropriate as varicella is a viral infection, not