What is the primary mode of transmission for Listeria monocytogenes?

The primary mode of transmission for Listeria monocytogenes is through contaminated food. This bacterium can be found in a variety of food products, particularly those that are unpasteurized or improperly cooked. It often contaminates dairy products, deli meats, and ready-to-eat foods. The organism is capable of growing in refrigerated temperatures, making it particularly insidious in food safety because it can multiply even when food is stored at low temperatures.

Transmission through contaminated food is particularly concerning for vulnerable populations, including pregnant women, newborns, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems, as these groups are at a higher risk of severe disease from listeriosis. Understanding food safety practices and the pathogen's transmission pathways is crucial for preventing listeriosis outbreaks.