What is often a presenting symptom of eclampsia?

New onset tonic-clonic seizures are a hallmark presenting symptom of eclampsia, which is a severe complication of pregnancy characterized by seizures that occur in a woman with preeclampsia. This condition typically arises after the 20th week of gestation or during the postpartum period, and is associated with hypertension and potential multiorgan dysfunction. The seizures in eclampsia often occur without any preceding aura and can present unexpectedly.

The occurrence of these seizures is a critical concern, as they indicate significant central nervous system involvement and can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. Recognizing the onset of tonic-clonic seizures is essential for prompt diagnosis and management, which may include medications such as magnesium sulfate to control seizures and stabilize the patient.

In contrast, fever and chills, severe abdominal pain, and persistent cough may occur in various other medical conditions but are not specific to eclampsia or its seizure component. These symptoms can lead to a differential diagnosis that includes infections, gastrointestinal issues, or respiratory problems, thereby underscoring the significance of identifying seizures as a core symptom of eclampsia.