What is a common consequence of untreated parvovirus infection in fetuses?

Untreated parvovirus infection in fetuses is most commonly associated with hydrops due to severe anemia. Parvovirus B19 specifically targets erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow, which can lead to a decrease in red blood cell production. In pregnant individuals, this can result in significant fetal anemia, as the fetus relies on maternal blood for oxygen delivery.

As the fetal anemia progresses, it can lead to heart failure, which in turn causes fluid accumulation in various body compartments—this condition is known as hydrops fetalis. Hydrops can manifest as ascites, pleural effusions, and skin edema, all of which indicate severe fetal distress.

Such complications emphasize the importance of screening and monitoring for parvovirus infection during pregnancy, as timely interventions can potentially improve outcomes for the fetus. Other options presented in the question do not directly relate to the primary and well-established consequence of untreated parvovirus infection during pregnancy.