What does FISH stand for in genetic testing?

FISH stands for Fluorescence in situ hybridization, a powerful technique used in genetics to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. This method involves using fluorescent probes that bind to specific chromosome regions, allowing researchers and clinicians to visualize genetic material in its native state directly within the cells.

This technique is particularly valuable in prenatal testing, cancer diagnostics, and other genetic disorders, as it provides insights into chromosomal abnormalities such as deletions, duplications, and translocations. Because FISH can be performed on interphase nuclei and metaphase chromosomes, it offers a versatile approach to studying genetic material.

The other options listed represent incorrect interpretations of genetic techniques or concepts and do not refer to established methodologies in genetic testing. Fluorescence in situ hybridization is the recognized and widely used method encapsulated by this acronym, emphasizing its importance in the field of genetics.